Category Archives: History

Stasi files to be reassembled

A good deal of money and effort is being spent by German researchers to reverse the document destruction used by the East German secret police group called Stasi. Although this seems noble for the causes of computer science, history and perhaps even justice, it starts to beg the question whether this will raise the bar for those who want to safely destroy their documents. Nature reports:

Bertram Nickolay, head of security technology at the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) in Berlin, says that the heart of the reconstruction software that his team has spent years developing is powered by algorithms designed to recognize and process digital patterns and images.

The pieces of torn documents are scanned on both sides, and the digital images are then analysed by a cluster of 16 computers for 25 features, including colour, shape, texture, handwriting and typeface, Nickolay says. Just like a person doing a jigsaw, the computer then groups the images into clusters with similar features, and finally fits pieces in each cluster together. The software should get better with time, Nickolay notes. “It learns as it processes.”

Sounds impressive. But “torn” documents? That doesn’t sound like secret police security.

“It was a mountain of files,” says Bormann. The Stasi lacked enough paper-shredding machines to do the job right, and began tearing documents by hand and stuffing them into bags.

The plan had been to transport bags bulging with documents by trucks to locations where they could be burned, but by January 1990 East German citizens had taken control of Stasi offices and the plan could not be carried out. West German authorities eventually seized still-intact Stasi documents and more than 16,000 bags of ripped documents.

Sounds like someone in Stasi under-prepared and over-engineered the document destruction process and thus left a giant gaping hole, which led to recovery of the files. Did they stuff all the related pages together into nicely labeled bags? Makes me wonder what was really going on in the final days — from incompetence to intentional internal subterfuge to facilitate reconstruction of files.

Project leader Jan Schneider says the algorithms used for the software could also be used to reconstruct documents shredded into much more uniform pieces by machines. “It wouldn’t be too complicated,” he says.

Ha. Neither is organizing and burning paper, but look where that ended.

Man Sails the Deep Awhile

by Robert Louis Stevenson (1850 – 1894)

Man sails the deep awhile;
Loud runs the roaring tide;
The seas are wild and wide;
O’er many a salt, o’er many a desert mile,
The unchained breakers ride,
The quivering stars beguile.

Hope bears the sole command;
Hope, with unshaken eyes,
Sees flaw and storm arise;
Hope, the good steersman, with unwearying hand,
Steers, under changing skies,
Unchanged toward the land.

O wind that bravely blows!
O hope that sails with all
Where stars and voices call!
O ship undaunted that forever goes
Where God, her admiral,
His battle signal shows!

What though the seas and wind
Far on the deep should whelm
Colours and sails and helm?
There, too, you touch that port that you designed –
There, in the mid-seas’ realm,
Shall you that haven find.

Some interesting commentary on Stevenson can be found on the website by RCAHMS (Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland), in reference to Barra Head Lighthouse:

Barra Lighthouse

Although Robert Louis Stevenson had to fight hard to be allowed to express his literary talent instead of following in the footsteps of his grandfather, uncles and father, he appreciated their achievements. In 1880 he wrote:

‘Whenever I smell salt water, I know that I am not far from one of the works of my ancestors. The Bell Rock stands monument for my grandfather, the Skerry Vore for my Uncle Alan and when the lights come out at sundown along the shores of Scotland, I am proud to think they burn brightly for the genius of my father.’

Kansas recovery hampered

Interesting to find the Governor of Kansas indirectly criticizing the President and Iraq war:

Kansas Governor Kathleen Sebelius also visited the town, which lies about 120 miles (200km) west of Wichita in southern Kansas.

She said the state’s response would be negatively affected because emergency equipment such as trucks, tents and trailers had been sent to Iraq.

“Not having the National Guard equipment, which used to be positioned in various parts of the state, to bring in immediately is really going to handicap this effort to rebuild,” she said, the Associated Press news agency reports.

Compare this sentiment with how she prepared the state with a news release from 2003:

As your governor, I would like you to know that we are taking every possible step to protect Kansans in every corner of the state. At the conclusion of the President’s remarks Monday night, the Homeland Security Alert level in Kansas was raised to “High” or “Orange.” In accordance with that higher level of alert, I have increased the activity and visibility of the National Guard and Highway Patrol, paying special attention to important locations in the state, such as public buildings, bridges, and power plants. We are also constantly monitoring our vast agricultural resources, including our crops and our livestock, to ensure they remain productive and secure. And we need our public health systems to stand ready to respond.

Kansans should not take these steps as cause for alarm, but rather as prudent steps in a time of war. I have been briefed by the Secretary of Homeland Security, Tom Ridge, and have been assured that currently there are no specific threats to Kansas. We have no particular reason to believe we are in danger. But we must always be vigilant and prepared. I call on all Kansans to be aware of their surroundings, to report suspicious activities, and to fully cooperate with law enforcement officers as they perform their important additional duties.

No terrorist attacks in Kansas yet, so the system must be working.

Shame about those natural disasters that seem to happen regularly, have advance warning, and (usually) have trained responders with equipment nearby. No need for resources to deal with those when the absence of terrorist threat is a top priority.

Seems to me Sebelius should have labeled tornadoes some kind of terrorist plot, or maybe even a terrorist group (the infamous “Al Tornadoes”). Then the state would have been awash with Halliburton contractors and the Blackwater fundamentalist mercenaries looking to lend a hand on the federal taxpayer’s dollar. Of course, that brings other risks, perhaps even worse than natural disasters:

The former New York Times Mideast Bureau chief warns that the radical Christian right is coming dangerously close to its goal of co-opting the country’s military and law enforcement.

[…]

This effort signals the final and perhaps most deadly stage in the long campaign by the radical Christian right to dismantle America’s open society and build a theocratic state. A successful politicization of the military would signal the end of our democracy.

I bet someone is saying the incompetence of the Bush administration proves that private armies in America could do a better job of securing the citizens. Abe Lincoln must be rolling in his grave.

US education sites make Chinese network security look good

While reading about proxy abuse I noticed someone on Digg pointing out some disturbing security issues at a “liberal arts” college in the US:

Using proxies and other methods to bypass firewall restrictions, etc, aren’t just useful for viewing Myspace. I’m about to graduate from a liberal arts college with Baptist affiliations. When I started school here, it was a well-regarded school in the South, and the religious convention was only loosely associated with it Then the fundamentalist cultists came along, and that all changed. Now, the school uses its IT dept. not to set up decent Internet access or upgrade computers, but to block methods of reaching the anti-administration forum that was set up by students.

Over 80 faculty and staff have been terminated, forced into retirement, or have resigned because they couldn’t stand to see the school turned into a Southern Baptist madrassa. Guess I’m venting, but when college administrators lie, violate SACS policies with impunity, and destroy academic freedom, even a dinky little proxy is a satisfying (but small) way to speak out.

What’s the matter with education in the US? Here is another example:

While students in campus owned housing are living with mold, rats, and other dangerous conditions (due to a lack of funds, according to res-life) — our tuition money is now being spent on appliances to actively support the RIAA and MPAA, two private entities which have no legal authority. Additional money is being spent on hardware to actively block Access Points on campus, which unfortunately blocks AP’s for off-campus residents in the surrounding neighborhood as well. Due to a lack of response from [the VP of IS], this situation is now being reported by the victim to the FCC and other state and federal agencies as we speak, as this is completely illegal per Title 18 of the COMPUTER FRAUD AND ABUSE ACT and referenced multiple times in the USA PATRIOT ACT.

I also keep hearing about translation tricks, both language and format (e.g. mobile devices). I’m not talking about residents in Communist countries learning English, I’m talking about Americans using foreign languages to evade corporate controlled information feeds to read the news. Even an attorney I met at a social the other day told me s/he was using it to bypass a firm’s overly harsh restrictions on browsing.