Category Archives: Security

IndyCar Goes Green

Sort of…the foundation behind car racing today is petroleum — burning tires, brakes, oil, gasoline, just to name the obvious stuff.

Before I get to the story, however, I first want to mention that racing cars is big among Silicon Valley success stories. Many high-tech firms where I have worked have brought their wasteful and inefficient “race” vehicles on-site for display.

It has always been endless supply of petroleum this, yada yada endless supply of petroleum that (to be fair, with the exception of one prototype Tesla). Engineers also who were race fanatics ran only gasoline in their personal vehicles. One co-worker literally drove his Ferrari to work on a daily basis (when he wasn’t driving his Maybach). He had to arrive early in order to avoid speed bumps in the parking lot — driving through empty spaces. Another guy commuted in a heavily-modified classic Porsche that smelled like a refinery as it defied the very concept of winning a race — efficiency.

I thought it unusual to find such a motivated, intelligent and innovative group of people who did not factor into success the opportunity of less waste. The whole history of racing is about reduction of waste (from aerodynamics to rear-view mirrors). It felt like they were still banking on the politics and economics from the early 1970s (pre fuel crisis) where US/UK race culture worried little about fuel supplies. Why don’t we measure a car’s efficiency full stop? Why does fuel, let alone petroleum as a whole, get an exception?

I never will forget the day a race vehicle was on display to promote the 2005 San Jose Grand Prix. I asked the man in the Grand Prix shirt how quickly tires and brake pads are consumed in a race and what the impact was to the course.

It seemed like a sensible thing for me to ask at the time, since I was studying energy efficiency as it relates to security (e.g. winning). I was not trying to be unusual or overly curious in my question. After days and days of meetings related to energy consumption (some datacenters use more energy than small cities) and the risks to IT, similar issues in vehicle engineering just came into focus easily.

This was compounded (pun not intended) by the fact that the Grand Prix cars ran on a temporary street circuit and I wondered about the amounts of brake dust and tire rubber, not to mention exhaust and oil, left in heavily used pedestrian areas. Was it more or less than a regular day of traffic? I didn’t know and I was curious if anyone had ever measured or studied impact. That is why I asked.

Around the same time I had just managed to convince Yahoo! to convert its employee transportation fleet to a BioDiesel blend. I also convinced them to let me convert their cafeteria waste oil into BioDiesel to run my own vehicle (I went a year without paying for fuel). Conversion of the employee transportation fleet at Yahoo! to BioDiesel was a success…although for the record it was *not* my idea to call buses the Green Machine. Perhaps you can see where I was going with this…

The reply: “No one has ever asked that. I’ll get back to you.”

I never heard back, naturally (pun not intended), and I have yet to see any reference to green engineering for the Grand Prix.

Now, back to the real story, I read that the IndyCar announces new engine strategy for 2012

The engines will also be more efficient, with the series looking at new technologies for energy recovery, hybrids, fuel conservation and other developing green initiatives.

That is fantastic news. Nothing drives innovation like competition. The shift to a box rule means even diesel could soon be accepted on the Indy circuit. This means NASCAR or even F1 will follow suit eventually, probably three to five years after.

The new platform calls for the ethanol-fueled engines to be up to six cylinders, allow turbocharging and produce between 550 and 700 horsepower, depending on the type of course the series is racing.

Current engines are eight cylinders, produce about 650 horsepower and are made by Honda exclusively.

IndyCar ran on CH3OH or Methanol until 2007. NASCAR as usual follows the IndyCar example and is announcing a switch to Ethanol.

However, I have to say meh (pun not intended) since ethanol is hardly ever a great choice even when you already have what seems to be a surplus of source. It has half the efficiency of gasoline and in reality comes from very limited sources. That means if you get a new Tahoe that runs 12 mpg (I’m being generous here) on gasoline and you switch to Ethanol you will get 6 mpg. In other words it’s only real benefit over unleaded petroleum in America is that it benefits the corn industry. Next fuel please NASCAR.

I also hate to mention this but I wonder if Honda was pairing two of their four cylinder engines to meet the eight cylinder spec…wouldn’t that give them the most benefit in terms of commercial applicability? I guess I never thought of Honda as a V-8 leader but here we are.

Out with the old engines and tired corn-fuel marketing campaign and in with the new stuff like Audi’s amazing Le Mans diesel race car that dominated the series for five straight years or VW’s Paris-Dakar champion Toureg TDI diesel 4×4.

Coolest looking 4×4 ever? I’ll take two.

Peugeot finally wrestled the Le Mans title away from Audi this year by running their own diesel, the sleek new 908 HDI racer.

Yes, that’s a diesel…and you thought Speed Racer was just a cartoon. The only thing that could be better than the proven Audi/VW/Peugeot success with diesel would be an electric-diesel hybrid.

Imagine an IndyCar screaming out of the pits at full-throttle with zero rev/engine noise and then switching to a 700 horsepower diesel that just purrrs at top speed. Major game change. Etha-what?

Everyone knows consumption is a major factor in racing. It makes perfect sense. Less means more. We’re talking about a better average speed from less stops, for example. An electric-diesel hybrid needs so many fewer pit stops than a V-8 guzzling ethanol it would change automobile racing completely. Toyota had it half right with their Le Mans hybrid-electric Supra.

Hybrid-electric? Perhaps we should call it an electric-gasoline hybrid to leave open the option of other fuels.

In conclusion, racing impacts our lives. The technology trickles down to our every day challenges. We all would like to spend less time stopped at the pump and more actually doing fun and productive things. If only more consumers recognized the benefits of better mpg as it relates to their quality of life. Has this caught on from Le Mans? Paris-Dakar? Maybe IndyCar can popularize it — imagine how much time you gain when you stop for gas half-as-often. How much of your life is stuck at the pump?

While we are celebrating the shift in IndyCar rules, perhaps they also could begin to factor in the complete data picture of waste.

How fast should brake pads and tires wear and what should they leave behind? How much particulate matter should be allowed? I know a slower burn is better for competition, but how about things that translate directly to better health — less waste on the streets and in the air. That is really what it means when we start to talk about going green. The new IndyCar box rule for engines is a huge step in the right direction. Let’s hope we see some diesel-hybrids with biodegradable non-toxic rubber tires and pads out there.

UK WWII Decryption Docs to Go Online

The BBC reports that the British archive of secret codes is soon to be made public:

More than a million documents from Bletchley Park, Britain’s wartime code decryption hub, are to be digitised and put online. The project will take several years. What follows are some examples of the documents in the archive.

Work in progress. This shows an analyst’s workings as they decipher an intercepted encoded message. The next stage was to enter these codes into the mechanical devices developed at Bletchley Park to produce the final decoded message.

More information can be found here:

…the archive is so big nobody knows exactly what each individual document stored there contains.

However, the information they expect to dig out will definitely include communication transcripts, communiques, memoranda, photographs, maps and other material relating to key events that took place during the war.

The BBC says HP is subsidizing the conversion to digital and started the project when they heard Bletchley Park was in financial trouble.

i2group Link Analysis of NYC Incident

The i2group promotes themselves as a way to “investigate, predict, prevent and disrupt the world’s most sophisticated criminal and terrorist threats”. That sounds very interesting. They have a product called the Intelligence-Led Operations Platform or ILOP that recently earned them the “Queens Award for Enterprise Innovation”:

Introduced in May 2009, i2’s integrated Intelligence-Led Operations Platform delivers an integrated set of powerful analysis, visualisation and management applications built to identify hidden connections and patterns from disparate data sources.

The tool is able to draw a very rudimentary two-dimensional diagram of connections between events and actors. It might sound familiar because it is the sort of thing used in social science called concept mapping.

Here is an example from i2 of what you can expect from the “Analyst’s Notebook” of the NYC Times Square attack:

I see a 911 call from an anonymous actor in the diagram, but the only mention of the street vendor is in the timeline at the bottom of the diagram. Interesting to note it was a report from a vendor on the street that played a significant part of this story in the press.

Street vendor Aliou Niasse was the first to spot the car containing the Times Square bomb, which pulled up in front of his cart last Saturday. Niasse, a Muslim originally from Senegal, said: “I didn’t see the car pull up ..because I was busy with customers. But when I looked up I saw that smoke appeared to be coming from the car.” Niasse went on: “I thought I should call 911, but my English is not very good…so I walked over to Lance, who has the T-shirt stall next to mine, and told him. Immediately he alerted a police officer near by.”

This has led some to write that street vendors are the actual first line of defense. Why the vendor does not show up in the link analysis is hard to say. The links on the far left of the original chart, by comparison, shows “15 bags of fertilizer –> Discovered by Investigators at –> Private residence, Long Hill Ave”.

That would be my first concern with this example by i2 and their software. It seems to be manually entered and therefore subject to interpretation. One of the most important areas of the actual process that led to the arrest of a terrorist is omitted. Someone who looks at their chart might believe that this is automated or even impartial because it uses a computer program. However, it looks like a visio diagram could do as well or even better. Paper and pen would give it a run for the money as well.

My second concern expands upon this point. The pdf has an IntelCenter samurai-looking logo and says it comes from the Terrorist & Rebel Link Analysis Feed (TR-LAF). I have not used the program so I am guessing here but is there an actual feed of data that goes into this program? Does it monitor all law enforcement communication across all the agencies, find 15 bags of fertilizer that matches and automatically draw links? That sounds powerful, almost like what Cyveillance used to talk about. It also sounds too good to be true. Based on the primitive output in the chart, and the age of the company, I suspect it has a long way to go before it is providing automation.

The third concern I have is that it is 2D and splits the timeline into a separate area. Perhaps that is because it is a PDF, but I assume this is what the screen shows users as well. It would be far more useful if a 3D chart were available, like the attack visualization engine in Sourcefire, which included a replay/time mode. The chart would grow and links would form, in other words, as time passed. Converting this to a PDF would show lines that linked events over time to spheres of growth in the 3D chart. Perhaps something like this:

Clouds at CONSEGI 2010

The International Conference on Free and Open Source Software and eGovernment (CONSEGI 2010) this August 18-20 at the Escola de Administração Fazendaria (ESAF) is coming together with a really amazing lineup of open-source and cloud computing thought leaders.

I am excited and humbled to share time with presenters like Mark Shuttleworth the founder of Ubuntu, Rich Wolski the CTO of Eucalyptus UCSB, Michael Tiemann VP and CTO of RedHat (and author of the GNU C++ compiler), and Gretchen Curtis the Director of the NASA Nebula Project.

My presentation will be on forensics and investigations in the cloud. Hope you can join.